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Prophet Idris: The First Astronomer and the Legacy of Divine Knowledge

In the rich tapestry of Islamic history, Prophet Idris (peace be upon him) stands as a monumental figure of wisdom, innovation, and scientific pioneerism. While he is primarily revered as a messenger of God, his legacy is uniquely intertwined with the birth of human civilization’s most vital sciences: writing, mathematics, and Astronomy. The Quran honors him with a profound description: "And We raised him to a high station" (Quran 19:57), a verse that many scholars interpret as a tribute to his vast knowledge and spiritual elevation.

Prophet Idris was not only a spiritual guide but also a visionary who laid the foundations for understanding the cosmos, proving that faith and science have always been harmonious forces in the pursuit of truth.

The Pioneer of the Written Word and Celestial Study

Islamic tradition credits Prophet Idris as the first human to write with a pen. This advancement was not merely a linguistic milestone; it was the tool that allowed for the recording of celestial movements and mathematical calculations. By pioneering the art of writing, Idris (peace be upon him) enabled humanity to move from oral tradition to a structured study of the universe.

His expertise in astronomy was not born of mere curiosity but was a divine gift intended to help humanity organize life on Earth. He studied the stars and planetary systems, understanding their complex cycles long before modern telescopes existed. This knowledge was essential for establishing the first systems of timekeeping, allowing people to recognize the seasons and the sacred timing of worship.

Establishing the Foundations of Islamic Science

One of the most significant contributions attributed to Prophet Idris is the practical application of astronomy in religious life. He utilized the movement of celestial bodies to:

1. Determine Prayer Times: By observing the sun’s path, he established the foundations for what would later become the five daily prayers in Islam.
2. Navigation and the Qibla: He understood that the stars were "signs" in the sky, serving as a compass for travelers and a means to determine sacred directions.
3. The Hijri Calendar: His early lunar and solar observations paved the way for the development of the Islamic calendar, which remains essential for determining the months of Ramadan and Hajj.

Distinguishing Science from Superstition

A crucial aspect of Prophet Idris’s legacy was his ability to distinguish between Beneficial Astronomy and forbidden astrology. In an era where many looked to the stars for omens or to predict the future (astrology), Idris (peace be upon him) taught that the study of the heavens (astronomy) should be used for navigation, agriculture, and understanding the Creator’s laws. This ethical framework remains the gold standard in Islamic civilization, promoting scientific inquiry while rejecting superstition.

Innovation Beyond the Stars

Prophet Idris’s genius was not limited to the heavens. He is also recognized as the first to sew garments using a needle and thread. Before his time, humans primarily wore animal skins. This innovation in tailoring was a massive leap forward in human dignity and social organization, showing that a Prophet's role often includes advancing the material well-being of their people alongside their spiritual growth.

Conclusion: A Legacy of Faith and Reason

The story of Prophet Idris (peace be upon him) serves as a timeless reminder that seeking knowledge is a form of worship. He exemplified the "Pursuit of Knowledge," showing that understanding the laws of the universe—from the stitching of a garment to the orbit of a star—is a way to glorify the Creator.

In a modern world where science and religion are sometimes viewed as conflicting, Idris (peace be upon him) stands as a symbol of their unity. His legacy encourages every seeker of truth to look at the stars not with fear or superstition, but with a heart full of faith and a mind eager to learn.